Written by Terry Smith

Our site is reader supported so when you click a link to Amazon we may earn an affiliate commission.

6 best petrol pressure washers [UK] tested on price and power March 2021

This article was last updated on August 21st, 2021 at 5:07 am

Best petrol pressure washer

It’s been a tough time with the lockdown but being the optimist that I am, I have put my time to good use in the garden (and home) making good and maintaining. Along the way I realised all this cleaning and maintenance was going to ned more than elbow grease. So like you I did my research then bought. The Hyundai Petrol Pressure Washer HYW3000P2 and the Wilks Genuine USA TX750 Petrol Pressure Washer are still my first picks for the best petrol pressure washer based on price, safety, ease of use, performance, and build quality isn’t bad either. If you want cheaper and still in the top three with loads of power, the Wilks Genuine USA TX625 Petrol Pressure Washer all day long! I don’t think you can beat this pressure washer pound for pound! The 625 represents super value for money. The Hyundai represents a genuine quality petrol pressure washer with a two year guarantee that you can trust from such a reputable supplier. It comes down to whether you are a value hunter or someone that looks to buy quality!

Comparison table: 6 best petrol pressure washers [UK] tested on price and power March 2021

ProductWhat We ThinkPrice

Wilks TX625 Petrol Pressure Washer

  • 12 month warranty and free to call UK based technical support line
  • Super convenient usability, simply put it in the boot of your car or on board your boat and this...
  • Includes five "Snap in" ceramic nozzles
  • Producing ultra high peak power of 3950psi
  • Features a 7hp 210cc four-stroke engine with stubborn reliability and it’s fuel-efficient so you can keep cleaning for longer...

Hyundai Petrol Pressure Washer HYW3000P2, Power Washer, 2800psi, 210cc Petrol Jet Washer

  • strong performance: with a reliable 210cc 4-stroke high-torque
  • fast and effective: the hyw3000p2 delivers 2800psi and a flow rate of 8.75l/min from its triple stainless steel piston...
  • superior design: powerful yet quiet
  • simple to use: the user-friendly pull-start engine allows you to complete jobs where there is no electricity readily available....
  • connection options: this power washer can be connected to the mains water supply via a garden hose with snap-on...

Wilks Genuine USA TX750i Petrol Pressure Washer

  • 12 month warranty and free to call UK based technical support line
  • Super convenient usability, simply put it in the boot of your car or on board your boat and this...
  • Includes five "Snap in" nozzles
  • Producing ultra high peak power of 3950psi
  • Features a 8HP 210cc four-stroke engine with stubborn reliability and it’s fuel-efficient so you can keep cleaning for longer...

DEALOURUS TX-PRO 2020 Petrol Pressure Washer - 8.0HP 3950psi / 272Bar Petrol Engine Powered High Pressure Portable Jet Sprayer

DEALOURUS TX-PRO Petrol Pressure Washer - 8.0HP 3950psi / 272Bar Petrol Engine Powered High Pressure Portable Jet Sprayer ✦ Premium Power & Build Quality Car & Patio Cleaner

  • 8hp 3950PSI (272Bar) High Pressure Petrol Washer
  • 5 Unique Pressure Nozzles plus a FREE Turbo Nozzle
  • 2 hoses included in this deal (20M High Pressure Hose for general use only) 8m hose can be used...
  • Bonus Gutter Lance & Straight Lance + Extra Large Fuel tank
  • Brass Head Pump & Will Draw water from a Barrel

Waspper W3000HA Petrol Pressure Washer

  • ✦ QUALITY FOR THE DECADES: Built to last at least 5 years longer than any electric pressure washer...
  • ✦ SPEND LESS TIME CLEANING: Our powerful 3000 PSI / 207bar
  • ✦ CLEANING HAS NEVER BEEN EASIER: High pressure fully metal spray gun with 40cm stainless steel extension lance...
  • ✦ TOP-NOTCH VERSATILITY: Now you can wash stubborn dirt and grime away with amazingly little effort...
  • ✦ THE ULTIMATE PRESSURE CLEANER: Use your brand-new gas powered professional cleaner right out of the box...

Briggs & Stratton 020739 ELITE 3200Q Petrol Pressure Washer

  • Maximum water pressure of 207 Bar with a flow rate of 636 litres per hour...
  • Including 4 quick connect spray tips
  • Detergent injection system that infuses cleaning solution into the water stream for a faster...
  • Briggs and Stratton CR950 Series OHV 208cc engine
  • A fold down handle makes it easier to store

Petrol pressure washers are so powerful 😀 I cleaned up the rusty BBQ and it actually stripped the metal back to bare removing the blackened finish from the tray too!

If you’re on our mobile page you can follow this link.

If you give it a bit of time you’ll practically pull a rusty bbq or patio for example back to new. We were too busy for that (cleaning the shed roof with this pressure washer) and it’s cold (not helped by the flip flops 🙂 so just a quick example so you know what you’re buying; I was just playing about showing people how you could use your pressure washer to remove old varnish and clean the exterior of a shed easily too. It’s been reliable and it’s all of the 8HP it claims.

For balance, the Waspper W3000HA Petrol Pressure Washer has popped on the scene and is looking like decent value for money so we’ve added that to the list as well. If you are looking for age old trust then go no further than the Briggs & Stratton ELITE 3000 Petrol Pressure Washer.

On that note of trust, the Hyundai is an absolute steal too if you’re into warranties and customer service. Without question though, the best petrol pressure washer which made it to our main best pressure washer page is the Wilks Genuine USA TX750i Petrol Pressure Washer

What distinguishes the best petrol pressure washer from its rivals?

A petrol pressure washer needs to be powerful, fuel efficient, and easy to use.

I don’t think I’d be exaggerating if I guessed that most adults in the UK either own, have owned, or have at least used a pressure washer. The combination of two of our base elements – air and water- has just so many possible uses and applications. Want to get that dirt of the car?

A pressure washer can help with that. Blasting moss off a patio or driveway? Again, no problem if you have a good pressure washer. For most everyday cleaning tasks an electric pressure washer, whether it be mains electric powered or a cordless pressure washer, will be enough for you. Especially if you shell out a little extra and get one of the top models from a reputable brand like a Karcher pressure washer.

Petrol pressure washer reviews

Pressure washers have been with us in one form or another for nearly a century so it’s hardly surprising that there are countless products out there all vying to be the best pressure washer model overall.

Some brands have emerged as leaders in this field such as Karcher, Nilfisk, and Bosch and each of those companies has released numerous models onto the UK market. To get an idea of the best pressure washers in their various sub-categories, you can visit our all-encompassing page – Pressure Washers.

This page’s emphasis, however, is petrol pressure washers reviews and information, so without further ado, here are our picks for the best petrol washers UK.

Specification: Warranty: yes (1 year), Motor/Engine Type: 8HP 4-stroke, Max Bar Pressure: 272Bar, Max Flow Rate: 660 l/hr

The TX750i model from Wilks is our number 1 choice when it comes to the best petrol pressure washers reviewed based on power and price. It’s proven pretty reliable too over the last months and I’ve really given it a work out!

It has tons of power take a look:

It’s great at cleaning up the outside of a shed!

Wilks are relative new comers to the pressure washer market but are already securing themselves a seat at the table with the big boys, and it’s thanks to products like this one. When I first turned it over I struggled because I didn’t fill it with oil (oops my mistake it looked pre filled!) Calling up customer services was no trouble and they had me up and running in no time. I simply headed off to the garage and bought it I used 10W-40 engine oil on their recommendation (and I am not talking about the manual, I mean customer services). It was pretty easy as you have two fill points either side of the engine.

Let’s talk about power first. The TX750i petrol pressure washer is capable of 3950 psi at 272 bar, which will allow you to make quick work of any cleaning task, no matter how tough it would be to lesser performing models. The water flow rate is also impressive at 660 litres per hour. Pound for pound I am so glad I bought this pressure washer. I’ve been using it for the patio and even cleaning up the exterior of my shed!

The power comes from a 4-stroke OHV 210cc engine that produces 8 horsepower, and runs on unleaded petrol, so there’s no need to mix the fuel like you have to with a 2 stroke engine. The engine on this petrol pressure washer is good on fuel too, so you won’t have your jobs interrupted by fuel stops too often. Filling is easy as the tank is on top. I like the cap, it’s as it should be with a little filter and the anti vibration grooves and slightly folded metal you have to align that mean the cap can’t come off easily as the cap sort of pinches the tank. If you’ve got other petrol equipment you’ll understand exactly what I mean. Here’s a look at that:

Filler cap well designed to stop vibration from shaking it loose

Starting up the engine was no bother and it sparked into life with a single pull on the cord as long as I used the choke correctly and removed the water pressure from the lance each time. Here’s a short video of that and it shows just how important it is to remove the water pressure by pulling the lance trigger:

Here’s a link to starting the Wilks 750 if you’re on mobile.

The first step is setting the throttle to quite low, this is your steel bar you can see in the diagram below. Then turn on the choke or cold as it’s labelled and set the fuel switch to on pretty obviously:

Identifying your throttle lever and choke as well as set the fuel switch to on

 

It goes without saying turn the engine switch to ON 😀

Do not forget to turn on your Wilks 750 – to be fair it is well marked and easy to follow

Then make sure you release built up pressure from the jet first – if you watch my short video you’ll see on the second pull I forgot to squeeze the lance trigger to remove the pressure. On the third pull I did so and it went straight away. If you follow these instructions it’ll start first time with no hassle at all. Don’t follow these instructions and it will not stat so easily! I called up the manufacturer and amazingly they helped me through this – I wish I read the instructions better though as it was clearly highlighted!

Sometimes on petrol pressure washers, the wheels are undersized and make it hard to roll the heavy units across the garden, but I was happy to see that Wilks have thought that through properly and fitted large 12 inch wheels to their TX750i. The wheels, like the rest of the tool are strong and robust.

The Wilks TX750i petrol pressure washer comes with 30 metres of good quality hose- a 10m hose and also an extra 20m in case you ned a little more reach. There is a handy hose reel situated on the main unit of the pressure washer to keep it all nicely tucked away until needed.

It also comes with everything you need to assemble the machine, including hand tools, but the written instructions aren’t the best. Luckily, a bit of common sense will see you through the set up as it’s not that difficult to work out and you can find information on this posted online by people.

Wilks Genuine USA TX750i Petrol Pressure Washer Review

Wilks Genuine USA TX750i Petrol Pressure Washer Features

What needs work on the Wilks Genuine USA TX750i Petrol Pressure Washer

4-stroke OHV 210cc 8HP engine Instructions could be much better
Powerful- 3950 psi at 272 bar Holders for nozzles are too big
660 litres per hour water flow rate
Fuel efficient
Large and strong 12 inch wheels
30 metres of hose
Hose reel
2 different lances and hand tools included
5 colour coded nozzles
Integrated 6 litre detergent tank
Can be filled from a pond, river, bucket, etc. and has a filter system

Also included with this petrol pressure washer are 2 lances- one straight and one curved, a self-propelled drain cleaner, and 5 nozzles. The nozzles are colour coded to make things easier when you are on the go, so grabbing the right one for stripping, blasting, cleaning, washing, or applying detergent is quick and simple.

Talking of detergent, Wilks have built-in a 6 litre detergent tank into their TX750i petrol pressure washer in a way that doesn’t stick out or take anything away from the machine’s sleek and cool design.

Another cool feature of the TX750i is the ability to feed it water from a bucket, pond, river or other source.  The prevent damage to the machine, there is a filter system to keep debris out.

Wilks have set up a UK based technical support line to deal with any queries you might have, and also given this product a one year warranty.

Now for the negatives. A minor gripe I have is about the holes on the top of the main unit which are for storing the nozzles. The holes are too big to hold the nozzles in tight and they might fall out while moving the machine around. I chose not to keep them there in the end and opted to secure them in a bag and hang that on the pressure washer instead and it worked fine.

Specification: Warranty: yes (1 year), Motor/Engine Type: 8HP 4-stroke, Max Bar Pressure: 272Bar, Max Flow Rate: 12 l/min

A little secret, the DEALOURUS TX-PRO 2020 Petrol Pressure Washer is out of exactly the same manufacturer / factory as my preferred supplier Union for the top spot pick being branded as Wilks. However, this is ten quid cheaper. I would keep an eye out on this and see is they establish themselves with decent customer service like the Wilks. If yes, then it’s exactly the same machine for less money.

For now though I still prefer this pressure washer with the Wilks brand on it as I know their customer services are UK based and they’ll reasonably help if there’s a problem with your machine. I know from experience, I called them to help me with why I couldn’t get the unit started (embarrassingly I didn’t read the instructions properly :D)

If you want to know the performance of this machine, then re-read my top pick, this is just the same but cheaper with currently unknown customer services. You won’t be disappointed with this unit.

Specification: Warranty: yes (1 year), Motor/Engine Type: 7HP 4-stroke, Max Bar Pressure: 272Bar, Max Flow Rate: 720 l/hr

TheWilks Genuine USA TX625 Petrol Pressure Washer – 7.0HP 3950psi / 272Bar Petrol Pressure Washer is a cracking little petrol pressure washer and certainly worth adding because it strikes a balance of cost and performance. While not as big as the beastly Wilks which is my favourite if you have the money, it packs a punch and probably delivers better value for money pound for pound.

I can tell you that I have had plenty of customers talk to me about this model lasting over three years and still going strong. That is already well past the warranty period so you can’t knock it when the price is on the low side too.

One thing you need to carefully note is the oil fill. This is not something you want to miss. Engines and moving parts don’t fare well for very long without lubricant so you have been warned. This review may well save you from a costly mistake!

Overall it has plenty of power to clear up a patio or block paving. Try to use a good detergent for this pressure washer. If you substitute out power, you can get a little help back from a quality patio cleaner.

If I had any complaint I would say it’s on the noisy side but the truth is all of these behemoth pressure washers come with serious decibels so it’s certainly not alone.

Wilks Genuine USA TX625 Petrol Pressure Washer – 7.0HP 3950psi / 272Bar Review

Wilks Genuine USA TX625 Petrol Pressure Washer – 7.0HP 3950psi / 272Bar Features

What needs work on the Wilks Genuine USA TX625 Petrol Pressure Washer – 7.0HP 3950psi / 272Bar

4-stroke 7HP engine Instructions could be much better for oil filling
Powerful- nearly 4000 psi for only £270 The odd manufacturer dud but quickly replaced
480 litres per hour water flow rate
Fuel efficient
Large and strong wheels
Quick fit nozzles
32kg
Easy to use on trolley
Detergent suction pump
Lasts very well: durable for years
Quick click connect attachments

If you want one right now, and you want to get working in the lockdown then this is a good little buy if you don’t fancy shelling out on the Wilks larger version.

Specification: Warranty: yes (3 years), Motor/Engine Type: 4-stroke, Max Bar Pressure: 193Bar, Max Flow Rate: 8.75l/min

The Hyundai Petrol Pressure Washer HYW3000P2 delivers 2800psi from a 210cc 4 stroke engine. The question is are you a quality over quantity type of buyer? If yes the Hyundai Petrol Pressure Washer range is for you. They offer a comprehensive three year warranty on this model and you can believe the 2800 psi is exactly the power rating.

Like the Wilks it has lovely big wheels that make moving this pressure washer round a breeze. As you would expect from Hyundai it starts great and very comfortable to use. It has an 8.75 litre flow rate which in Lehman terms means plenty of water to clean, you won’t be disappointed on that.

When I tested this pressure washer I would say it’s every bit as powerful as my top models despite being claimed at a lower power rating. The power removing grease from patios was evident and really enjoyable once I got into it.

I tried drawing water from my water butt around the back of the shed to save on hosepipes. I wasn’t disappointed. It will pull from a water tank just as well as being fed from the mains water. It’s a very accomplished bit of kit and I can be completely sure that going forward this will end up with a more expensive price point and an absolute top seller. You can’t give a three year warranty on a petrol pressure washer designed to be heavily used lightly. The warranty almost guarantees a commercial following and if you like peace of mind you won’t go wrong here.

For the drawbacks it’s the same old story, as with most petrol washers the oil is a pain to put in as it’s located under the engine. The lance feed hose is way too tight to the frame making install a pain, they’ll fix that in time but it wouldn’t stop me buying now.

Hyundai Petrol Pressure Washer HYW3000P2, Power Washer, 2800psi, 210cc Petrol Jet Washer Review

Hyundai Petrol Pressure Washer HYW3000P2, Power Washer, 2800psi, 210cc Petrol Jet Washer Features

What needs work on the Hyundai Petrol Pressure Washer HYW3000P2, Power Washer, 2800psi, 210cc Petrol Jet Washer

Very good value for money Not the most power per pound on the market
Powerful 210 cc 4 stroke engine Oil filling a pain
2800 psi water pressure
Integrated detergent tank
3 year warranty
7.5 metre wire reinforced hose
Surprisingly quiet for a petrol pressure washer

 

Specification: Warranty: yes (2 years), Motor/Engine Type: Peggas, Max Bar Pressure: 207Bar, Max Flow Rate: 8.5l/min

Made in the EU and powered by a 196cc Peggas engine, the Waspper W3000HA petrol pressure washer is built to last. The makers claim it will last 5 times longer than any conventional pressure washer and have included some features in the design to back up that claim.

For example, both the pump’s body and its head are made from rust resistant aluminium, the spray gun is also fully metal, and even the lance, which is so often made from plastic, is made completely out of stainless steel ensuring it will never corrode.

Even the choice of engine, the Peggas model, has been made to increase this petrol pressure washer’s working life and durability. The engine has finned housing which helps to keep the buildup of heat to a minimum.

It’s a shame that the makers didn’t think to do something about noise dampening too, as it does run a bit loud.
The engine is no slouch either and powers 3000 psi of water pressure at 220 bar and a water flow rate of 8.5 litres per minute. That’s a spec that signals some great cleaning action.

The recoil start works well and a pull or two will get the block up and running, again with a little help from good old Mr Choke.

The Waspper W3000HA petrol pressure washer comes complete with 3 different nozzles, all are quick coupling fittings which makes swapping them much faster and easier, and like the WilksTX750i there are dedicated spots on the main body to store them in, only with the Waspper, they feel more secure in their holes.

 

Waspper W3000HA Petrol Pressure Washer Review

Best Waspper W3000HA Petrol Pressure Washer Features

What needs work on the Waspper W3000HA Petrol Pressure Washer

196cc Peggas high quality engine Hose is much shorter than the Wilks XT750i
3000 psi at 220 bar Engine runs a little loud
8.5 litres per minute water flow rate
Aluminium rust resistant pump
Solid metal spray gun
Stainless steel extension lance
Easy to start
3 different spray nozzles
Lightweight when compared to its competitors
Large plastic wheels
Anti-vibration rubber bumpers

Rubber bumpers placed between the engine and frame have been used to reduce the vibrations that are an inevitable part of using a petrol pressure washer, but of course they can only do so much and the machine will still shake when it’s being used.

The Waspper W3000HA gets around on 12 inch fully plastic wheels that do their job well. Actually because of the aluminium parts on this model, it is lighter than a lot of other petrol pressure washers and feels a fair bit easier to push around.

Unfortunately, waspper have only given this model a short 7.5 metre hose, which while being fine for most home applications, still limits its range and can’t compete with our number 1 best petrol washer.

Included with the main machine is the engine oil you need to get started, instructions (which like most products these days could be better), and a spark plug key.

The Waspper W3000HA comes with a 2 year warranty, and I think if it was priced maybe 50 pounds cheaper it would be selling like hot cakes. As it is, you can buy the Wilks TX750i for around the same price and get more for your money.

Our final entry in our list of best petrol pressure washer reviews is the most expensive of our little group but comes from a brand that is highly respected and trusted by many experienced customers…

Specification: Warranty: yes (1 year), Motor/Engine Type: Briggs & Stratton CR950 Series OHV 208cc, Max Bar Pressure: 207Bar, Max Flow Rate: 636 l/hr

It looks like Waspper are trying hard (and doing a good job) to make a name for themselves as reliable and durable, but Briggs & Stratton did that a long time ago.
Priced very sensibly for such a quaity machine the Briggs & Stratton 020739 ELITE 3200Q petrol pressure washer is a solid bit of kit with excellent all over build quality.

Its 875EXi Series 190 cc engine runs smoothly but a little louder than some petrol pressure washers, or it used to, that is until they worked out how to really cut the noise down as you release the trigger. I love the heavy duty steel frame, it is built to last. It helps the washer blast out 3200psi of water pressure at 220 bar and has an impressive water flow rate. That’s only a little bit less than the product we chose as our best petrol pressure washer the Wilks TX750i.

Briggs & Stratton have fitted the Elite 3200 petrol pressure washer with an easy start axial cam pump. Again, it is a solid, hard wearing construction that requires no maintenance from you to keep it going strong. The pump also has an automatic thermal relief valve that will allow hot, high pressure water escape from the pump to help cool it and reduce the risk of damage from overheating.

The 9 metres of hose the Elite 300 comes with is on par with most of the products reviewed here, but falls quite short of competing with our top petrol pressure washer.
Included with the main unit are 4 spray nozzles ranging from a 0 degree jet to a 40 degree wide spray. They are all quick connect fittings and can be swapped on the go in seconds.

Briggs & Stratton ELITE 3000 Petrol Pressure Washer Review

Best Briggs & Stratton ELITE 3000 Petrol Pressure Washer Features

What needs work on the Briggs & Stratton ELITE 3000 Petrol Pressure Washer

Excellent build quality and extremely durable You always want quality cheaper 🙂
190 cc engine
3200psi at 220 bar
Massive water flow rate
Easy start axial cam pump
Thermal relief valve to cool pump
4 spray nozzles ranging from 0-40 degrees
Easy to assemble
Very good wheels

There is a special nozzle for using detergent and also a detergent injector/ siphon tube to insert detergent directly into the sprayer’s water stream.

The lance on this petrol pressure washer is a solid construction that won’t break if you accidentally drop it, and the hanger on the frame for storing the lance is designed well, and actually does what it is supposed, unlike many pressure washer models out there. The lance has push lock fittings on both ends so you can attach or remove it easily.

To make storing the tool away an easier task, you can fold the good sized handle down so it doesn’t take up to much room in the garage.

To sum up, the Briggs & Stratton 3200 elite petrol pressure washer is a great garden tool that offers excellent cleaning power and top level build quality.
However, for the extra money you pay for this model, you don’t really get anything extra or special when compared with its competitors.

Briggs & Stratton 020739 ELITE 3200Q Petrol Pressure Washer

That final review concludes this set of write ups for the best petrol pressure washers available in the UK at the moment.
As new products arrive on the market we will take a close look at them and update this page from time to time so please check back in with us.

Petrol pressure washers

For commercial and industrial type cleaning jobs though, you’re going to need something with a bit more power, and that’s where the best petrol pressure washers come in.

Design wise, petrol pressure washers are fundamentally the same as their electric counterparts, with low pressure water entering the machine, then getting turned into high pressure water by a motor and pump, and finally being expelled out the other side.

The major difference is psi. Petrol engines can produce higher psi levels than electric motors and therefore petrol powered pressure washers are better at cleaning up hard to shift materials like oil and grease.

Petrol pressure washers usually have a higher water flow rate too, and when combined with the extra power, it certainly speeds up any cleaning duties you have to perform.

Another advantage of petrol pressure washers is that they are mobile and don’t require any power cables to connect them to the mains, Cordless pressure washers also give you mobility, but their operating time is dependent on the battery life and charging time.

Petrol pressure washer buying advice

Unlike electric pressure washers, which are often made out of plastic, petrol pressure washers tend to be built a bit more sturdily and will probably have metal casing making them the most durable if properly maintained with oil.

Of course there are a few things to take in to consideration before buying a petrol pressure washer. Firstly, you will need to make sure you have petrol lying around to refuel the machine, and also engine oil to keep it all ticking over nicely.

Then, there is the extra noise that comes with all that power. Generally petrol pressure washers are noisier than electric models, but some of the better products have sound level lowering features.

Finally there are fumes to think about, so if you are going to be mainly working in a small indoor area, you should make sure it is well ventilated, or opt for an electric pressure washer instead.

So with all that said and done, the Wilks Genuine USA TX750i Petrol Pressure Washer is probably the best bet at the moment because of the lockdown. It’s still in stock and I think that’s ultra lucky given its the top offering anyway. I hope you found the review useful with all the extra time on your hands I assure you that you will have a gleaming patio and perfectly clean block paving if you go with this option.


About Terry Smith

I’m Terry Smith from gardentoolbox.co.uk, a professional landscape designer, hobbyist gardener, and barbecue fanatic with 20 years experience building and restoring. So as you go through my site you'll watch me document some of the professional garden installs I make as well as the major projects I take on at home. While sharing those experiences and guiding you, I'll be recommending some great tools I use to enable this along the way so you can really buy in confidence. Always feel free to pop me a message: info@gardentoolbox.co.uk

View all posts by Terry Smith

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *